Orthopedic conditions

Cervical spondylosis is the age-related degeneration of the cervical spine's discs, joints, and bones. It can cause neck pain, stiffness, and sometimes nerve compression leading to numbness, weakness, or tingling in the arms.

Knee osteoarthritis is the wear and tear degeneration of cartilage in the knee joint, leading to knee pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It is common in older adults or individuals with joint overuse or injury. overflow.

Frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint caused by inflammation and thickening of the shoulder capsule. It progresses in stages and can limit shoulder movement significantly.

De Quervain tenosynovitis is inflammation of the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist, causing pain, swelling, and difficulty with thumb and wrist movements, often due to overuse or repetitive motions.

Plantar Fasciitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue running along the bottom of the foot connecting the heel bone to the toes. It commonly causes sharp heel pain.

Sciatica is a condition characterized by pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back through the hips, buttocks, and down each leg. Symptoms include sharp or burning pain, numbness, or weakness in the affected leg.

A Calcaneal Spur is a bony growth on the downside or back of the heel bone (calcaneus) often associated with plantar fasciitis or excessive stress on the heel. It can cause heel pain, particularly during walking or standing.

An intervertebral disc bulge occurs when a spinal disc protrudes out of its normal position. It causes compression of nearby nerves. It can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the back and limbs. Symptoms include back pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs depending on the affected spinal level.

Shin Splints (medial tibial stress syndrome) is a condition characterized by pain along the inner edge of the shinbone (tibia). It is caused by overuse or repetitive stress on the shinbone and surrounding muscles. Symptoms include tenderness, soreness, and swelling in the lower leg.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints causing inflammation, pain, swelling, and stiffness. Over time, it can lead to joint damage, deformities, and loss of function. RA can also affect other organs and systems in the body.

Sports Conditions

Rotator Cuff Tendonitis is inflammation of the rotator cuff tendon, Rotator cuff Tear refers to the partial or complete tearing of the tendons in the rotator cuff, commonly caused by repetitive overhead motions or acute injuries in activities like baseball, tennis, or swimming. It leads to pain, weakness, and limited shoulder function.

Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) is a condition caused by overuse injury characterized by inflammation or microtears of the tendons that attach to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow, often due to repetitive wrist and arm motions, leads elbow pain and tenderness.

A wrist sprain is an injury to the ligaments in the wrist caused by overstretching or tearing, often due to sudden impacts or twisting motions. Symptoms include wrist pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the wrist.

An Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear is a common knee injury, often caused by sudden stops, pivots, or twisting motions, particularly in sports. It involves the rupture of the ACL, a key ligament that stabilizes the knee, leading to pain, swelling, instability, and difficulty moving the knee.

A meniscus tear in sports is an injury to the cartilage in the knee, often caused by twisting, rotating, or sudden changes in direction during physical activity. It results in knee pain, swelling, stiffness, and difficulty moving the joint.

IT Band Syndrome is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the iliotibial band, typically caused by repetitive friction as it moves over the lateral femoral epicondyle, leading to pain on the outside of the knee.

A Hamstring Strain is the partial or complete tearing of the muscle fibers in the hamstring group, typically caused by overstretching or excessive force, resulting in pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the leg.

Achilles Tendinitis is an overuse injury that causes inflammation in the Achilles tendon, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness in the back of the heel or lower leg. It is common in activities involving repetitive stress like running or jumping.

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is a condition that causes pain around or behind the kneecap, often due to overuse, muscle imbalances, or improper alignment of the knee. It is common in activities like running, jumping, or squatting.

An ankle sprain is an injury to the ligaments in the ankle. It is caused by overstretching or tearing, often due to twisting or rolling the foot. It results in ankle pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the ankle joint. The most commonly affected ligament is ATFL.

Neurological conditions

A stroke is a medical emergency condition where blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, either by a blockage (ischemic stroke) or a ruptured blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke), causing brain cells to die and leading to loss of brain function.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers (myelin) in the CNS, leading to inflammation and damage. This disrupts nerve signals and causes symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, vision problems, and difficulty with coordination and balance.

Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement. It is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, slowness of movement, and balance problems.

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that disrupts communication between the brain and the body. It can result in partial or complete loss of sensation, movement, and function below the level of injury, leading to paralysis or other neurological impairments.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is an injury to the brain caused by an external force, such as a blow or jolt to the head. It can lead to temporary or permanent brain damage, affecting cognitive, physical, and emotional functions.

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of neurological disorders that affect movement, coordination, and muscle control, caused by damage to the brain during or shortly after birth. It often results in physical disabilities and may also involve cognitive or developmental challenges.

Peripheral Neuropathy is a condition caused by damage to the peripheral nerves, leading to symptoms like numbness, tingling, pain, and weakness, typically in the hands and feet. It can result from diabetes, infections, injuries, or other medical conditions.y caused by overstretching or excessive force, resulting in pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the leg.

Bell’s Palsy is a condition that causes sudden, temporary facial paralysis or weakness on one side of the face due to inflammation of the facial nerve. The exact cause is often unknown but may be linked to viral infections. It usually improves within a few weeks to months.

Cervical Myelopathy is a condition caused by compression of the spinal cord in the neck leading to symptoms like neck pain, numbness, weakness, and difficulty with movement or coordination. It is often caused by degenerative changes in the spine.

Brachial plexus Injury is damage to the network of nerves originating from the cervical spine (C5 to T1) that controls the muscles and sensation of the shoulder, arm, and hand. Often caused by trauma such as accidents or childbirth. It can result in pain, weakness, numbness, or paralysis in the affected arm.

Fracture & Post-Operative Conditions

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a surgical procedure to replace a damaged or diseased knee joint with artificial implants, typically metal, and plastic, to relieve knee pain and restore function, often due to severe arthritis or injury.

Total Hip Replacement (THR) is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased hip joint is replaced with artificial components, including a metal or ceramic ball and a socket. It is commonly performed to relieve pain and improve mobility in conditions like severe arthritis or hip fractures.

ACL Reconstruction is a surgical procedure to replace a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee with a graft, typically from the patient’s tendon or a donor, to restore knee stability, strength, and function after sports injury or trauma.

Rotator Cuff Repair is a surgical procedure to repair or fix a torn rotator cuff tendon in the shoulder, typically involving reattaching the tendon to the bone to restore shoulder strength, mobility, and function.

Shoulder Replacement is a surgical procedure where a damaged or worn-out shoulder joint is replaced with artificial components to relieve pain and improve mobility, often due to arthritis or injury. Two main types: total shoulder replacement and reverse shoulder replacement.

Spinal Fusion is a surgical procedure in which two or more vertebrae in the spine are permanently joined together using bone grafts or implants, to eliminate motion between them. It is typically performed to treat conditions like severe arthritis, spinal instability, or fractures.

Lumbar Discectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a portion of a damaged or herniated disc in the lower spine (lumbar region) that is pressing on nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness. This procedure helps relieve symptoms and improve mobility.

Fracture Fixation is a surgical technique to stabilize and realign broken bones using hardware devices like screws, plates, or rods. This helps to ensure proper healing and restore the bone's strength and function.

Meniscus Repair is a surgical procedure to treat a torn meniscus in the knee by stitching the torn edges together to promote healing.

Meniscectomy is a procedure where the damaged portion of the meniscus is removed, typically done when the tear is too severe to repair.

Arthroscopic Surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a small camera (arthroscope) and specialized instruments to diagnose and treat joint problems through small incisions, offering quicker recovery and less scarring than traditional surgery.
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